Legal Literacy -Â A thorough consideration of Electoral System Open and Closed Proportional in Indonesia. Analysis of the advantages, disadvantages, and the role of the Constitutional Court in judicial review. Read this article to get a clearer view of general election in Indonesia.
General election is one form of the embodiment of democracy in a country. Through general elections, people can participate directly in choosing leaders who will carry out public duties and make political decisions. In this case, the electoral system is very decisive in how the election process runs, who can be elected, and who has a vote in the election. Two electoral systems that are widely applied in various countries are the open proportional electoral system and the closed proportional electoral system.
Open Proportional Representation Electoral System
The open proportional electoral system is a method of election in which voters can directly elect individuals from a list of candidates provided by political parties. In this system, voters have the freedom to choose any candidate from any party on the list. The open electoral system places the power of direct election in the hands of the people, giving them significant influence in determining who will represent them.
The advantage of this system is that voters have a more direct voice in determining who will be their representatives. They are not limited by the choices made by political party leaders, and they can choose individuals whom they consider most qualified and most aligned with their interests.
However, the open proportional electoral system also has some weaknesses. One of the main problems is the possibility of "co-optation", where candidates from political parties can be elected by voters who do not actually support the party. This can result in an inaccurate representation of the true desires of the electorate.
Closed Proportional Representation Electoral System
In contrast, a closed proportional electoral system is a system in which candidates are selected by members of a political party. In this system, voters can only vote for the party, not individuals. The list of candidates is determined by the party and is usually arranged in a specific order. In some cases, voters can influence this order through primary elections or internal party elections.
The advantage of this system is that political parties can ensure that the candidates selected are individuals who are most loyal and aligned with the party's ideology. This can lead to stability and consistency in party policy, and can prevent the co-optation that can occur in open electoral systems.
However, the closed proportional electoral system also has disadvantages. For example, this system can lead to political elitism, where a small group of people have disproportionate power in determining who can run in elections. In addition, because voters cannot directly elect candidates, they may feel less represented or feel that their choices are meaningless.
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