Legal Literacy - Universally, the principles or norms found in society are: (1) religious principles/norms; (2) moral principles/norms; (3)etiquette norms; and (4) legallegal norms.
Religious Principles/Norms
Based on the theory, religious principles are divided into two, namely revealed religion (samawi, sama’i, celestial) and cultural religion. Revealed religion is a teaching from God containing commands, prohibitions, and permissions conveyed to mankind in the form of revelations through angels and His Messengers. Meanwhile, cultural religion is a teaching produced by human thoughts and feelings cumulatively.
Religious principles are guidelines for human life to move towards a better and more correct direction. Religious principles regulate human obligations towards their God. Sanctions for violations of religious principles come from God, both sanctions received directly in the world and in the afterlife.
Examples of religious principles: do not approach adultery, do not kill a soul that Allah has forbidden to kill, honor your parents, do not worship other than the One God, and others.
Moral Principles/Norms
Moral principles are rules of life that come from the human conscience that determine which actions are good and which are not. The origin of moral principles comes from humans themselves. Moral principles encourage humans to do good; they do good or bad because of the whisper of their conscience (conscience"). Ethical norms are directed at the inner attitude of humans. Sanctions for violations of ethical norms also come from within the human being, such as feelings of regret, shame, fear, guilt, and so on. Examples of ethical norms: honest behavior, respecting and helping each other, and others.
Etiquette Principles/Norms
Norms of courtesy are rules of life that arise from social interaction in a particular society. The foundation of norms of courtesy is propriety, decency, and customs that apply in the society concerned. Norms of courtesy are directed at the outward behavior of each actor for the sake of public order and to achieve an atmosphere of familiarity in social interaction. Sanctions for being impolite usually take the form of reprimands or insults or ostracism from the society in which they are located.
The proverb "where the earth is trod, there the sky is upheld" is very appropriate to describe this norm of courtesy. Examples of norms of courtesy: dressing neatly when attending a formal event, speaking politely to older people, and others.
Legal Principles/Norms
Legal norms are rules that are officially made by state authorities, binding on everyone, and their validity can be enforced by authorized state apparatus, so that their validity can be maintained.
Legal norms originate from outside the human being. Legal norms are aimed primarily at the concrete perpetrators, namely the perpetrators of real violations who act, not for the perfection of humans, but for public order so that society is orderly, so that there are no victims of crime, so that crime does not occur. The content of legal norms is aimed at the outward behavior of humans.
Legal norms not only burden a person with obligations, but also give rights to a person. Legal norms originate from external power of human beings that imposes on us (heteronomous). Society is officially given the power to impose sanctions or punishments. The court is the institution that represents society to impose punishments.
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