JAKARTA, LITERASIHUKUM.COM – Supreme Court (MA) is expanding the application of an artificial intelligence-based system (artificial intelligence or AI) in the appointment of panels of judges to the first-level courts. This step aims to increase transparency while avoiding controversies such as in the case of Gregorius Ronald Tannur's acquittal.
The Spokesperson for the Supreme Court, Yanto, stated that the Supreme Court is currently using a system called Smart Panel to determine the supreme judges who will handle a case. This system eliminates manual intervention in the process of appointing panels of judges. "Currently at the Supreme Court, we use a system, we use a machine Smart Panel. So, the appointment is done by a machine, not by the Chairman anymore," he said in a press conference in Jakarta, Wednesday.
However, the system has not yet been implemented in first-instance or appellate courts. According to Book II of the Technical Guidelines for Civil and Special Civil Case Administration and Adjudication, the appointment of panels of judges at the district court level remains the authority of the chief judge or is delegated to the deputy chief judge.
Selection of Judges Based on Professionalism and Caseload
Yanto added that with Smart Panel, the appointment of judges will consider professional competence, workload, and the complexity of the cases handled. In the future, this system will be expanded to all regional courts. "Maybe later to the regions," said Yanto.
Bribery Cases and Arrangement of Panels of Judges
The system Smart Panel became important after the Attorney General's Office named the former Chief Judge of the Surabaya District Court, Rudi Suparmono, as a suspect in a case of alleged bribery and/or gratification related to the acquittal of Ronald Tannur. He is suspected of being involved in arranging the composition of the panel of judges handling the case.
Rudi was arrested on January 14, 2024, and is currently being held at the Salemba Detention Center, Jakarta South District Attorney's Office Branch. According to the Director of Investigation of the Junior Attorney General for Special Crimes at the Attorney General's Office, Abdul Qohar, Rudi received bribes in the form of 20,000 and 43,000 Singapore dollars from the defendant through a member judge.
This case also involves a former MA official, Zarof Ricar (ZR), who acted as a liaison between the defendant's lawyer, Lisa Rahmat (LR), and Rudi. LR is now a defendant, while the panel of judges who tried the case, namely Erintuah Damanik (ED), Heru Hanindyo (HH), and Mangapul (M), are being tried in the Jakarta Central Corruption Court.
Efforts to Increase Transparency and Accountability
The implementation of an AI-based system is expected to prevent corruption and bribery practices in the arrangement of panels of judges. With Smart Panel, the process of appointing judges becomes more objective, reducing the potential for intervention, and strengthening public trust in judicial institutions.
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