Legal Literacy- The presidential system in Indonesia places the President as both head of state and head of government. In this system, the President's authority is very large, especially in making strategic policies concerning national development. But this is precisely where the ecological problem becomes critical. The presidential system, if not guided by an environmental ethics paradigm, will inevitably slip into an exploitative governance model.

The President and the Paradigm of Developmentalism

The Indonesian government, from time to time, continues to make economic growth the main indicator of success. In President Prabowo's discourse, for example, it is stated that the 8% growth target is a national ambition that is expected to bring prosperity to the people. However, such growth will certainly create a large (ecological footprint) as well. Economic growth is another name for deforestation, mining exploitation, toll road construction, and food industrialization, which almost always means sacrificing the earth's carrying capacity. Environmental ethics is present as a critique of the ideology of developmentalism. It is not just a romantic discourse of “love of nature”, but a new system of thinking that requires humans — including the President — to relinquish their claim as the center of the universe (anthropocentrism). In the presidential system, the highest power of the state is in the hands of the President.