Discussion

The agrarian dispute case that occurred in a village in Cianjur Regency, namely Batulawang Village, is a dispute regarding the status of land that is managed into agricultural land. This agrarian dispute occurred between the residents of the village and the Land Bank and also involved PT Maskapai Perkebunan Moelya (MPM). The case that occurred in Batulawang began when in 1989 PT MPM promised ownership rights to the former land of PT MPM's Cultivation Rights (HGU) covering an area of 93 ha. Each resident received land of approximately 2,500 m2 and paid installments of Rp 20,500,000.00 for 5 (five) years. The land was initially used for chicken farming but failed in the first year so the residents returned to their profession as farmers. Towards the end of December 2022, the residents proposed that the 93 ha of land formerly owned by PT MPM's HGU become a priority location for agrarian reform or LPRA. The 93 ha of land was successfully registered as an LPRA object in order to accelerate agrarian reform. This is in line with the government's program regarding agrarian reform as mandated by Presidential Regulation Number 62 of 2023 concerning Acceleration of Agrarian Reform Implementation. With the acceleration of agrarian reform, the residents can immediately obtain ownership rights to the former HGU land covering an area of 93 ha. However, in reality, ownership of the 93 ha of land is hampered because it turns out that the land has been transferred to the Land Bank in 2023. In response to this, the Land Bank relocated the LPRA but the relocated land was very unsuitable for residents to live on and manage. The residents then demanded their ownership rights which were relocated with this unsuitable land to the Land Bank. The Land Bank, which has coordinated with the Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/National Land Agency (ATR/BPN), has created an alternative scheme. The Land Bank through the Agrarian Reform Task Force (GTRA) has provided replacement land for 1927 residents. The residents are given usage rights for 10 years first. The usage rights are given temporarily to the residents and after 10 years the usage rights will become ownership rights. Meanwhile, residents' settlements will be maintained first while the relocation of residents' cultivated land is still in the discussion stage. The granting of temporary usage rights and then followed by a change to ownership rights, according to GTRA, is done to protect the farmers themselves. The redistribution program learns from experience that it is often tricked by farmers transferring their ownership rights to other parties. Therefore, the Ministry of ATR/BPN assesses that this method can provide protection for farmers. The Agrarian Reform Consortium or KPA criticized the agrarian policy implemented by the government through the Ministry of ATR/BPN. KPA assesses that there is no guarantee that after 10 years the usage rights will become ownership rights, full rights to farmers. In addition, the residents since the New Order (Orba) have built their own villages and own land as an indication of their existence. However, with this policy, they have to prove their existence again for the next 10 years and this is considered a form of injustice.