1. Spatial Planning

Article 1 Number 13 of the Spatial Planning Law explains that Spatial Planning is a process to determine the Spatial Structure and Spatial Pattern. Then what is meant by spatial structure and pattern?

Spatial Structure is the arrangement of settlement centers equipped with a network system of infrastructure and facilities that function to support the socio-economic activities of the community. So, the Spatial Structure consists of settlement centers and a network system of infrastructure and facilities. For example, an industrial area in which there is a network of roads, a network of railway tracks, a network of electricity, a network of telephones, a transmitter station, culverts, water channels, clean water pipe channels, and so on.

Meanwhile, Spatial Pattern is the distribution of space allocation in a region. Whether the allocation is for protection functions or for cultivation functions. The spatial pattern is divided into two, namely Protected Areas and Cultivation Areas.

Spatial Planning is a combination of the Spatial Structure and Spatial Pattern that exist in an area. Spatial Planning is carried out through the preparation and stipulation of a Spatial Plan. Therefore, Spatial Planning produces a document called the Spatial Plan.

2. Space Utilization

Article 1 Number 14 of the Spatial Planning Law explains that Space utilization is an effort to realize the spatial structure and spatial pattern in accordance with the spatial plan through the preparation and implementation of programs and their financing.

Space utilization is realized through the Development Plan. So, after the Spatial Plan is completed, Space may be utilized in accordance with what is stated in the Spatial Plan. For example, where we can build residential areas, where we can build roads, where locations cannot be built, etc.

In simple terms, Space Utilization is a form of realization of the Structure and Pattern of Space in accordance with the Spatial Plan.

However, in reality, not everyone obeys what is in the Spatial Plan in Space Utilization. So, to ensure that Space Utilization runs in an orderly manner, Space Utilization Control is carried out.