Definition and Terms of Sharia Contract

In Arabic, a contract is an akad, which means a bond or conclusion. A contract is a certainty from the results of a joint agreement between the two parties verbally, by gesture, in writing, with binding legal implications in its implementation. The terms contract and agreement are not distinguished in Islamic law because they are identical to the term akad, so that akad is interpreted as the existence of a valid ijab qabul according to sharia law and allows legal consequences to arise. In addition, the word sharia etymologically means "the road to the watering place" or "the road that must be followed". When conditioned in a sharia contract, the word sharia has the meaning of all human amaliah, Aqidah, and moral activities regulated in the form of orders and prohibitions in accordance with dail qath'i.

It is concluded that a sharia contract is the process of carrying out a transaction between one party and another which is bound by law with an offer and acceptance in accordance with sharia law. It can also be said that all legal rules in the field of muamalah that regulate actors in economic relations are based on consensus based on Islamic law and can give rise to legal consequences.