Goods are entrusted or borrowed but not returned? Check out the explanation of embezzlement in the New Criminal Code: articles, conditions for minor embezzlement, more severe forms due to work relations, and notes if the perpetrator is a family member/partner.

Learn about the valid procedures, evidentiary power, and effective requirements of civil summons in resolving disputes in court.

The buyer's money is used to cover old debts and then the goods are not sent. Is it fraud, embezzlement, or a civil dispute? Check out the legal analysis.

Understand how to prove mens rea (criminal intent) in criminal law. Explore the concepts of dolus, culpa, and the use of evidence in court.

Deceived in online buying and selling? Understand the criminal charges against perpetrators according to the New Criminal Code (Law Number 1 of 2023): articles on fraud, threats of punishment, evidence, & legal steps.

Theft victims often ask: how much can the perpetrator be sentenced? Note the differences between ordinary theft, petty theft, theft with aggravating circumstances, to snatching/mugging according to the New Criminal Code, complete with category fines.

Attacks on human rights defenders are a threat to democracy. The state is obliged to thoroughly investigate, protect victims, and guarantee the safety of activists.